Africa: China's Humanoid Robots - a New Test for African Technology Sovereignty

[African Arguments] For African governments, the significance of China's humanoid-robotics programme is not that robots may one day appear on African battlefields. It is a diagnostic case of how a dual-use technology can move from commercial deployment to military relevance faster than the institutions responsible for assessing and governing it can adapt. Africa's stake is therefore not speculative. African states already operate within global technology and defence supply chains dominated by external suppliers, including